Pregnancy gingivitis is very common

Hormonal changes exaggerate the gum response to plaque, so gums that were previously fine begin to swell and bleed, most often between the third and eighth month.

Why it matters for the baby

Severe untreated periodontitis in pregnancy has been associated with pre-term birth and low birth weight. Treating gum inflammation is a safe and worthwhile precaution.

Timing and safety

The second trimester is the most comfortable window for elective treatment. Cleaning is safe throughout. Emergency care — including drainage of infection and root canal treatment — should never be postponed; untreated infection is far more dangerous than treatment.

Digital X-rays with a lead apron and thyroid collar deliver an extremely low dose and are used only when necessary. Local anaesthesia with lignocaine is safe.

Morning sickness and enamel

Do not brush immediately after vomiting. Rinse with water or a teaspoon of baking soda in a glass of water, wait 30 minutes, then brush.